Monday, October 6, 2025

Octopi, aliens, squirrels and AI

I’ve been toying with an argument for dualism along these lines:

  1. Octopi are conscious.

  2. Technologically advanced aliens are or would be conscious.

  3. Squirrels are conscious.

  4. Current LLMs are not conscious.

Claims 1–3 require a pretty strong multiple realizability. On materialism, our best such multiple realizability is a functionalism. But it is likely that our current LLMs have more sophisticated general intelligence than squirrels. Thus, a functionalism that makes 1–3 true also violates 4.

Dualism, on the other hand, can allow for all of 1–4 by supposing the hypothesis that all and only intellectually sophisticated living things have souls.

Could a physicalist do the same? I think the difficulty is that life is very fuzzy on physicalism, in a way in which consciousness should not be. On dualism, however, we can suppose that God or the laws of nature have a seemingly arbitrary threshold of what life is.

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