Say that a chain C is a collection of nodes with the following properties:
Each node is directly connected to at most two other nodes.
If x is directly connected to y then y is directly connected to x (symmetry).
C is globally connected in the sense that for any non-empty proper subset S of C, there is a node in S and a node outside of S that are directly connected to each other.
(This is a different sense of “chain” from the one in Zorn’s Lemma.)
Fun fact: Every infinite chain has at most one endpoint, where an endpoint is a node that is directly connected to only one other node.
I.e., one cannot join two nodes with an infinite chain.
Corollary: We cannot join two events by an infinite chain of instances of immediate causation.
I've occasionally wondered if there is a useful generalization of transitive closure to allow for infinite chains, and to my intuition the fact above suggests that there isn't.
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