In my Principle of Sufficient Reason (PSR) book, I defend a PSR that holds that every contingent truth has an explanation, but I do not defend a contrastive PSR. Many think this is a cop-out.
But it makes sense to ask why it is that
- The moon is round and I don’t have an odd number of fingers.
The answer is, presumably, that gravity pulled the matter of the moon into a ball and I was sufficiently careful around power tools. And yet it doesn’t make sense to ask why it is that
- The moon is round rather than my having an odd number of fingers.
This point shows that it makes no sense to have a contrastive Principle of Sufficient Reason of the following form:
- For all contingent truths p and contingent falsehoods q, there is an explanation of why p rather than q is true.
The only time it makes sense to ask why p rather than q is true is when q is some sort of a “relevant alternative” to p. So the contrastive Principle of Sufficient Reason would have to say something like:
- For all contingent truths p and contingent falsehoods q, if q is a relevant alternative to p, there is an explanation of why p rather than q is true.
But now note that (4) is way messier than the standard PSR, and depends on an apparently contextual constraint in terms of a “relevant alternative” which feels ill-suited to a fundamental metaphysical principle. So, I do not think a contrastive PSR just is a plausible metaphysical principle.
2 comments:
Alex
Isn't "X exists instead of Y" a contingent truth? If so, wouldn't it require an explanation if every contingent truth has one?
I would think the "instead of" relation would need to be thought through carefully. If it doesn't mean that X's existence and Y's existence are relevant to each other, then I don't think it's a meaningful truth (contingent or otherwise).
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